Mill vs kant Essay

The writings of John Stuart Mill and Immanuel Kant present very different ideas concerning the Ethical Problem. Mill’s ideas are referred to as Utilitarianism. In this system of thought, the basic belief is that happiness is the greatest goal and actions should be judged by their ability to provide the greatest happiness to the greatest number of people. Kant, the Deontologist, believed that it is not the result of the action that is important, but the action itself. He advocated a moral rule based on reason. The basic ideas found in these philosophers’ writings lead me to see Mill’s argument as the more plausible solution to the ethical problem. He believed that morality is associated with happiness and his idea that greater happiness for the greatest number of people should be the ultimate goal appears to be a worthy ambition. This would contribute to social order and supports our accepted ideas that actions such as murder are wrong. There are two definitions included in his writing which explained his ideas more clearly to me. The first was â€Å"The Greatest Happiness Principle, which was defined as actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness† ( ) Happiness is defined as â€Å" pleasure and the absence of pain†( )Based on my own experience it is plausible to believe most of us are seeking pleasure and attempting to avoid pain; if these attempts are designed to provide the most happiness to the most people, it would appear we are attempting to be moral. This also seems to be common sense, pleasure is good and pain is bad; regardless of other beliefs most people do accept this. The effects on a society, where people are attempting to provide the most pleasure for the most people, cannot be overlooked. This type of society would be more fair and peaceful since everyone must consider the needs of others equal to their own. This idea that morality of an action is based on the amount of happiness it produces for the most people can be understood and possibly studied. It appears that if sociologists or psychologists could determine what makes people happy, we might be able to design social policies that would benefit society by increasing the happiness of a larger number of people. Mill recognizes that â€Å"some kinds of pleasure are more desirable and more valuable than others† ( 37 text) and feels it would be ridiculous to think that pleasure should only be measured by quantity and that his pleasure principal would turn humans into unhappy irrational animals only interested in less valuable pleasure. ( text ) The deontological moral theory of Kant is very different from the Utilitarian theory of Mill, and in my opinion much more difficult to read and understand. He believes that whether or not an action is right or wrong, moral or immoral â€Å"does not depend on the consequences but on whether they fulfill our duty. † (3) This was based on his belief that there was a supreme principle of morality that he referred to as the Categorical Imperative. (4) This philosophy also required that two questions be asked before any action is taken. They are:† Can I rationally will that everyone act as I purpose to act? â€Å"There is only one categorical imperative. It is: Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law. † (Text) I believe he is arguing . if you don’t think everyone should take this action, you should not. â€Å"Does my action respect the goals of human beings rather than merely using them for my own purposes? (5) He also felt that the motivation for your actions determined if you were acting as a good and moral person. It is the motivation based on morality which is important not the consequences of the action. To Kant giving money to charity because it is deductable on your income tax is not a moral action; Mill would consider it moral because the happiness of some people is increased. Kant believed duty was more important than happiness and unhappiness should not affect your willingness to do your duty. The things he believed and the questions he asked were based on the idea that moral rules are based on reason. I also have difficulty accepting his idea that if two people reasoning logically they will arrive at the same conclusion, if we don’t arrive at the same conclusion who is moral? These ideas led him to create a very ridged view of morality. Things `that violate the categorical imperative are always wrong, no acceptations, and things that are good are always good. I cannot accept the idea that we become moral as the result of reasoning particularly when he indicates that at some point we stop any type of reasoning and accept absolutes. It is difficult not to realize that much of what we view as moral is the result of what we have been taught by our parents and institutions in our society. He gives no consideration to any differences in societies. When I compared the ideas of Kant and Mill, I find Mill’s work more plausible. I find Kant’s the idea that we become moral through reason very hard to accept particularly when you consider how differently societies define morality. Mill bases his ideas on the very simple idea human seek pleasure and attempt to avoid pain; therefore if your actions contribute to providing the most pleasure to the greatest number of people you are moral. Kant claimed not to be against happiness, but saw it as of much less importance than duty.

Ib Chemistry Experiment- Calculating Enthalpy Change

Chemistry Internal Assessment: Determining the Enthalpy Change of a Displacement Reaction AIM: To determine the enthalpy change for the reaction between copper(II) sulfate and zinc. BACKGROUND THEORY: Bond breaking is endothermic while bond forming is exothermic. The reaction between copper(ll) sulfate and zinc is exothermic as the energy required to form the bonds of the products is greater than the energy required to break the bonds of the reactants. In an exothermic reaction, heat is given off to the surroundings; thus, temperature of the surroundings will increase. By measuring the change in the temperature and using the formula Q= mc?T, we can calculate the enthalpy change of the reaction. Equation 1: CuSO4 + Zn ? ZnSO4 Ionic Equation: Zn (s) + Cu2+ (aq) ? Cu (s) + Zn2+ (aq) MATERIALS/APPARATUS: * 1 insulated Styrofoam cup * Copper(II) sulfate solution * Zinc Powder * 1 Thermometer * 1 Stopwatch * Weighing Boat * Electronic Balance VARIABLES: Independent| Dependent| Mass of zinc powder and concentration of copper(II) sulfate solution used. | Temperature of the solution| PROCEDURE: 1. Use a pipette to measure 25. 0cm3 of 1. 0 M copper(ll) sulfate to the insulated container. 2. Record the temperature every 30 seconds for 2. 5 minutes 3.Add the excess zing powder (6g) at exactly 3 minutes 4. Stir and record the temperature every 30 seconds for the following 10 minutes. DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING: Time (s)| Temperature (Â °C)| Time| Temperature (Â °C)| 30| 25| 390| 62| 60| 25| 420| 61| 90| 25| 450| 60| 120| 25| 480| 59| 150| 25| 510| 58| 180| 25| 540| 56| 210| 45| 570| 55| 240| 52| 600| 54| 270| 56| 630| 52| 300| 60| 660| 51| 330| 61. 5| 690| 50| 360| 62| 720| 49| Therefore, based on the graph shown above (representing the raw data), the change in temperature if the reaction had taken place instantaneously with no heat loss: ?T= 70. 5Â °C ? 25Â °C 45. 5Â °C The volume of the copper(II) sulfate solution used was 25cm3, thus the mass of the solution is 25g. Given that the specific heat capacity of the solution is 4. 18 J/K and the temperature change is 45. 5Â °C, as calculated above, thus, the heat, in joules, produced during the reaction can be calculated using the formula: Q = mc? T =mass of solution ? specific heat capacity of solution ? temperature change = 25 ? 4. 18 ? 45. 5 = 4754. 75 J In the experiment, 25cm3 of 1. 0 mol dm-3 copper(II) sulfate solution was used. Thus, number of moles of the copper(II) sulfate solution used: n(CuSO4) = (25? 000) ? 1. 0 = 0. 025 mol Therefore, the enthalpy change, in kJ/mol, for this reaction is: ?H = Q ? n(CuSO4) = 4754. 75 ? 0. 025 = -190. 19 kJ/mol Theoretical value/ Accepted Value= ? 217 kJ/mol Thus, percentage error = [(? 217+190. 19) ? (? 217)] ? 100 = 12. 35% CONCLUSION Thus, based on the experiment, the enthalpy change for the reaction is -190. 19 kJ/mol. However, as we can see from the above calculations, the percentage error is 12. 35%. This means that the result is inaccurate fr om the theoretical value of -217 kJ/mol by 12. 35%.From the graph, we can also see that once zinc is added to the solution (at exactly 3 minutes), the temperature of the solution increases until it reaches the terminal or maximum temperature of 61Â °C. Then, the temperature of the solution gradually decreases until it reaches room temperature again (temperature of the surroundings). EVALUATION (WHAT CAN BE DONE TO IMPROVE THE EXPERIMENT? ) An assumption made for this experiment is that none of the heat produced by the exothermic reaction is lost to the surroundings and that the thermometer records the temperature change accurately. However, this is very unlikely to appen in reality, which would explain the percentage error. Thus, to improve the experiment, we can try to minimize the heat loss to the surroundings. This can be done by place a piece of cardboard (or any other insulated material) on top of the cup to cover the top of the cup. A hole can then be made in the cardboard fo r the thermometer. Another measure that we can take is to ensure that our eye is level with the thermometer when reading the temperature off the thermometer. We can also repeat the experiment a few times and get the average of the results recorded. This would allow us to obtain a more accurate value.

6 Strategies to Successfully Pass a School Bond

6 Strategies to Successfully Pass a School Bond A school bond provides a financial avenue for school districts to meet an immediate specified need. These specified needs can range from a new school, classroom building, gymnasium, or cafeteria to repairing an existing building, new buses, upgrades in classroom technology or security, etc. A school bond issue must be voted on by the members of the community in which the school is located. Most states require a three-fifths (60%) super-majority vote to pass a bond. If the school bond passes, property owners in the community will foot the bill for the bond issue through increased property taxes. This can create a dilemma for voters in the community and is why many proposed bond issues do not receive enough â€Å"yes† votes to pass. It takes a lot of dedication, time, and hard work to pass a bond issue. When it passes it was well worth it, but when it fails it can be extremely disappointing. There is no exact science for passing a bond issue. However, there are strategies that when implemented can help improve the chances that the bond issue will pass. Build a Foundation The district superintendent and the school board are often the driving forces behind a school bond issue. They are also responsible for getting out into the community, building relationships, and keeping people informed about what is happening with the district. It is vital to have good standing relationships with powerful civic groups and key business owners within a community if you want your bond to be passed. This process should be continuous and ongoing over time. It should not happen just because you’re trying to pass a bond. A strong superintendent will make their school the focal point of the community. They will work hard to forge those relationships that will pay off in times of need. They will make community involvement a priority inviting members into the school not only see what is going on but to become a part of the process themselves. Potentially passing a bond issue is just one of the many rewards that come with this holistic approach to community involvement. Organize and Plan Perhaps the most crucial aspect of passing a school bond is to be well organized and to have a solid plan in place. This begins with forming a committee that is as dedicated to seeing the bond passed as you are. It is necessary to note that most states prohibit schools from using their own resources or time to lobby on behalf of a bond issue. If teachers or administrators are to participate on the committee, it must be on their own time. A strong committee will consist of school board members, administrators, teachers, advisory councils, business leaders, parents, and students. The committee should be kept as small as possible so that a consensus can be reached easier. The committee should discuss and create a detailed plan on all aspects of the bond including timing, finances, and campaigning. A specific task should be given to each committee member to carry out according to their individual strengths. A school bond campaign should start approximately two months before the vote is scheduled to occur. Everything occurring in those two months should be well thought out and planned in advance. No two bond campaigns are the same. It is likely that parts of the plan will have to be abandoned or changed after realizing that the approach is not working. Establish a Need It is essential to establish a real need in your bond campaign. Most districts have a list of projects that they believe need to be completed. When deciding what you are going to put in the bond it is vital to look at two factors: immediate need and investment in your student body. In other words, put projects on the ballot that will resonate with voters who understand the value of education and show them there is a need. Make those connections apart of your campaign and bundle things where appropriate. If you are trying to build a new gymnasium, package it as a multipurpose facility that will not only serve as a gymnasium but as a community center and auditorium so that it can be used by all students and not just a select few. If you are trying to pass a bond for new buses, be prepared to explain how much money you are currently spending to maintain your bus fleet that is outdated and run down. You can even use a deteriorated bus in your campaign by parking it in front of the school with information about the bond. Be Honest It is essential to be honest with the constituents in your district. Property owners want to know how much their taxes are going to go up if the bond issue is passed. You should not skirt around this issue. Be direct and honest with them and always use the opportunity to explain to them what their investment will do for students in the district. If you are not honest with them, you may pass the first bond issue, but it will be more difficult when you try to pass the next one. Campaign! Campaign! Campaign! When campaigning begins it is beneficial to keep the message simple. Be specific with your message including the voting date, how much the bond is for, and some simple highlights of what it will be used for. If a voter asks for more information, then be prepared with more details. Campaigning efforts should be holistic with a goal of getting the word out to every registered voter in the district. Campaigning occurs in many different forms, and each form may reach a different subset of constituents. Some of the most popular forms of campaigning include: Build a Website – Create a website that gives voters detailed information about the bond issue.Campaign Signs/Posters – Put campaign signs in supporters’ yards and posters in high traffic locations such as the post office.Speaking Engagements – Schedule speaking engagements with civic groups in the community such as the Senior Citizen Center, Masonic Lodge, etc.Organize a Voter Registration Drive – A voter registration drive allows you to recruit newcomers and potential supporters who might not vote otherwise.Door to Door Canvassing – Simple word of mouth campaigning may make the difference especially in reminding voters to get to the polls.Telephone Committee – A simple way to poll voters in the community as well as to inform them about the bond issue and to remind them to vote.Direct Mail – Send flyers highlighting the bond issue out a few days before the vote.Media – Use the media to get the message out when possible. Focus on Uncertainty There are some constituents that have their minds made up on a bond issue before you even decide to do it. Some people always vote yes, and some people always vote no. Do not waste time on trying to convince the â€Å"no† votes that they should vote â€Å"yes†. Instead, focus on getting those â€Å"yes† votes to the polls. However, it is most valuable to invest your time and effort on those in the community that have not decided. Visit with those on the fence 3-4 times throughout the campaign to try and sway them to vote â€Å"yes†. They are the people who will ultimately decide whether the bond passes or fails.

Social Phobia or Social Anxiety Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social Phobia or Social Anxiety - Research Paper Example According to researchers people suffering from social phobia do have some family history or medical history or any incident that has caused social anxiety and social phobia to be inherent in them. One of the studies clearly shows a survey done on patients who had symptoms of social anxiety according to the results; social phobia patients have somatic symptoms, e.g. weakness in limbs, difficulty in breathing in public dizziness and faintness, etc. These symptoms showed that they already had some biological/physical weakness which was avoided by parents, but has caused strong social anxiety to them. Â  Social phobia patients were also studied in a way of conduct; how they have been conducted or treated in the family. Adolescents were asked about their relationship with their parents. Many of the patients said that they had a strict and a male dominant family; their fathers had a central role and were of the authoritarian nature, and they had an unsatisfactory relationship with their p arents, especially fathers. Â  Also, the study included patients having social phobia who had someone in their family already suffering from it, which showed that it is sometimes inherited, but not true in every case. Thus, we can conclude from the study that social phobia usually starts from mid-teenage and adolescents who are shy and are afraid of socializing are particularly at risk of developing social phobia later in their personality. Children having clingy behavior, crying, aggressiveness and excessive timidity point towards temperament that can possibly put a person at risk of developing social phobia. Some people, having social phobia, point the development of the condition to be ill-treated or socially embarrassed or humiliated. An example of it is students being bullied at school in early ages. Family environment was also a major issue discussed in the development of social phobia. Generally, anxiety disorders run in the family and certain disorders may come from a famil y history of having anxiety disorders or lean attitude or maybe, behavior from family members (Amies, Geldrand and Shaw 1983).

Research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Research Paper Example They may also re-live the terrifying situations they underwent even years after the actual incidence took place. There are many veterans who return from wars in which they were exposed to terrifying situations and were expected to act in inhumane ways. They are consequently unable to fully re-adjust to civilian life. This is because there are not enough facilities that look to address this issue. The Preferable Research Design The qualitative research method is the best for studying the decision-making process in determining financial assistance for PTSD sufferers. This research design allows for information to be acquired through open ended questions in interviews. Creswell presents the main traits of five methodologies that concern qualitative research in health science literature. He also addresses the importance of using mixed methods when conducting researches that have to do with public health matters. Mixed methods allow researchers to be able to understand issues from differe nt perspectives in order to develop and further enrich the gist of any singular perspective. Mixed methods used in healthcare research also allow the researcher to contextualize information by adding information about participants like the victims of PTSD to the views of workers at the United States Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital. Using both qualitative and quantitative data is important because it allows for the researcher to be able to comprehend the existing problem better. The researcher can compare facts after verifying them in order to offer reasons for existing trends. Using both research methods also allows for having one database based on another. When a quantitative research stage is used to succeed a qualitative research stage, the intent of the researcher may be to generate a survey instrument that is based on qualitative findings. Moreover, when the qualitative research stage follows the quantitative phase, the researcher may be wanting to establish the best ra tionale with which to explain the system used to garner the quantitative results (Osborne, 2008). Problem Statement Even though the subject of PTSD cases among war veterans is openly addressed in today’s society, this still does not help all soldiers suffering from this illness to be able to access treatment when they need it. There is a need to use mixed methods in research in order to enhance the quality of information gathered in a research. There are different types of problems facing the public health dispensation of services such as the provision of treatment for PTSD. Purpose of the Study The purpose of this study is to develop a design for using a mixed method study that will seek to evaluate the decision-making processes that are used to decide eligibility for funds from the United States Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital for war veterans with PTSD are verified. Part 2: Each student is to turn in a two page paper describing the research design selected suitable to address the problem and purpose of the study. Also, include a comparison chart between qualitative and quantitative data. Also, include the different qualitative approaches and their explanations. In addition, include the different quantitative approaches and their explanations. (Two pages) Qualitative method Quantitative method Instances whenResearch type is conducted Includes interviews, entries and open-ended questions Data is numerically documented Analysis style It is harder to

Argument Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Argument - Assignment Example This is because as long as cannabis may have the best chemical components to cure such disease, its’ negative effects are far much greater to be used as medicine (Affeld, 2013). Marlene bases her arguments on several medical researches indicating that, when marijuana mixed with special oil and applied on to the cancer patient, then its potentials to mitigate the growth and spread of such diseases work out. She makes conclusion that, this method is far much better than the use of chemotherapy. However, she has not given specific scenario where accurate evidences can be found. Besides, there is no adequate statistics showing the number of survivor who have since used such methods and succeeded. Similarly, the article has indicated that marijuana.Com, a website that steer-head the use of this drug posted that marijuana contains ingredient that cure cancer. More to the contradiction in this report is that, researches only indicate the confirmation based on research organizations such as the National cancer institute and Virginia commonwealth university department of pharmacology. However, there is no appropriate evidence where it has been used as an extract for medicine (Affeld, 2013). The state research institute (NIC) is also supportive towards the use of marijuana for medicinal functions. I dismiss this point, as outdated research since the right procedure to launch medical research analysis such as government involvement was not followed. For this reason, the federal government has maintained its stand that cannabis is still illegal in the United States (Affeld, 2013). While I do not support Marlene’s research concerning marijuana medicinal value, I may not agree to the fact that there are better drugs that are better alternative to marijuana. Legalizing such drugs in the United States may lead to initiation of groups that are always credible avenue to criminal dens. If marijuana can

Deming Case Study Essay Example for Free

Deming Case Study Essay 1Introduction 1.1Microsoft Background Microsoft Corporation is a multinational computer technology corporation that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of software products for computing devices. Its most profitable products are the Microsoft Windows operating system and the Microsoft Office suite of productivity software. Microsoft was co-founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen in 1975.Microsoft rose to dominate the home computer operating system market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by the Windows line of operating systems. One of Microsofts original mission was a computer on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft software. The company also markets both computer hardware products such as the Microsoft mouse and the Microsoft Natural keyboard, as well as home entertainment products such as the Xbox, Xbox 360, Zune and MSN TV. 1.2The Aim Of Report The aim of the report is to do an analysis on Microsoft corporation on how the Deming’s 14 point would impact the Company Performance. It will focus on: * Company existing practice  * Qualitative degree of Conformance against the 14 points 2.Quality Chain Reaction 3.The 14 Deming’s Point 1st Point Create Constancy of purpose toward improvement of product and service Plan for quality for the beginning for long-term commitment by continuously provides top quality product or even exceeding it. The organization should always predict and prepare for the any future challenges that are to come. Microsoft is currently applying this practice in their Organization. In the 1980 they come up with MS-DOS the earlier version of their Operating System which evolves to Window 95.Here is where the window-line operating system keeps on evolving until year 2012 with the introduction of Window 8.Every operating system it comes with an improvement. Since the emergence of Apple in the PC industry Microsoft now are having a stiff competition in the area where they used to be dominating since 1980’s. Microsoft needs to maintain this system in order to remain competitive in the PC industry. 2nd Point Adopt the New philosophy. Organization need to implement quality not only to its product but to the whole organization process. Rather than reacting to competitive pressure, an organization should focus on the customer need, what exactly they want. The employee of Microsoft been used to all the benefit working with Microsoft such as high speed internet and tend to forget the outside world doesn’t have the luxury they are experiencing and expect the gadget there are using will have the same impact to the outside world. Problem arises when their product are not well accepted by the public since its unsuitable to them since they are lacking the facility to fully used it, Microsoft need to understand what the people needs first before deciding and producing the product. Produce a product that everyone can use and it needs to be the best product and in good quality. Resource http://www.qbrundage.com/michaelb/pubs/essays/working_at_microsoft.html 3rd point Cease dependence on inspection to achieve quality. Deming emphasize that organization need to stop depending on inspection. It is costly and unreliable in the long-run. It function don’t actually improve quality but to find lack of quality. Therefore organizations need to build quality from the beginning of process till its end. Microsoft need to take this into consideration because during Microsoft Surface tablet launching the device crash during its presentation, thus show the incapability’s of its device. If they had implement Quality in the beginning this would had happen. Microsoft should learn from this experience and not depend on inspection during the production. They should ensure any possible problems are eliminated during the production itself from earlier stage by making the sure top quality products are done from every step of the production. 4th point Move toward a single supplier for any one item on a long-term relationship of loyalty and trust. By having lesser supplier, an organization can focus on the quality of their output. Other than price, quality is another priority when looking for a supplier. Microsoft need to motivate supplier to improve on their quality and when they achieve it look at them as a partner in quality rather than a business connection. Software and application developer need to provide the very best service so that Microsoft can depend on them to even produce a good product themselves. 5th Point Improve constantly and forever the system of production and service, to improve quality and productivity and this will lead to decrease in cost. An organization need to continuously improve their system and process. Deming encourage the use of Plan-Do-Check-Act approach to do analysis and find ways of improvement. The Organization should emphasize on training and education so everyone can perform better in their jobs to reduce waste, improve productivity, effectiveness and safety. Currently employee in the RD department is given the freedom to be creative and innovative in creating Product as long is benefiting the organization. In 2010 spend $9.5 billion for research and development. Microsoft wanted to its employee to be able to find new ways to improve their current product and service. This can be done  through training, providing seminar and outsourcing it employee to perform better. 6th point Institute training on the job By providing a consistence training toward the people an organization will be able to reduce variation. By providing training on the job they will be able to build a foundation of common knowledge. This allows the worker to understand their roles. Encourage staff to learn from each other. In some department of Microsoft some employee are lacking the motivation to improve themselves, these employee lack interest to outperform. Microsoft needs to institute training for them in order to improve their capabilities by encouraging them to attend seminar and courses. This would better prepare the Microsoft for any difficulties since these employees will be able to solve the problem with having to consult the top management. This will also improve the quality of their work since they have the knowledge and the expertise to do so. 7th point Institute leadership-Done The aim of leadership is to make supervisor and managers to understand their staff or worker and the process they are using. The leader should not only supervise but also give guidance rather than punishment. A leader should know what needed to make the individual work at their best. Microsoft actually had a touch-screen e-reader developed in 1998, but Bill Gates ignored it because he didn’t like the user interface and didn’t represent Microsoft. The team that developed the reader was told to stop coming up with new ideas and instead work on software for Microsoft Office which is their comfort zone. Only now after touch screen getting so much coverage they start giving it attention. The top management should be encourage those staff who came up with innovation to pursue their invention. If they were to pursue the idea in the beginning, they would be still dominating the gadget industry. 8th point Drive out fear, so that everyone may work effectively for the company By eliminating fear its throw away people worry and concern of making mistake thus making them able to perform at their best. The organization needs to let its people them know the management will not place blame if mistakes occur. Ensure those who are supervising the worker are approachable. Encourage open communication between manager and employee to make them feel comfortable in expressing their problem. An article mentions Bosses at Microsoft screams at employees and blaming them for everything, whether it was their fault or not. This creates fear to employee to be cautious when they are working and even driving them to move out of the company. This will have an impact of the quality productivity. Microsoft needs to establish a friendly relation with its employee to ensure their commitment and motivation to perform at the highest level. High morale employee will produce good productivity and service. Resource http://www.businessinsider.com/microsoft-is-filled-with-abusive-managers-and-overworked-employees-says-tell-all-book-2012-5?op=1#ixzz25ZMiHdwh 9th point Break down the barrier between departments Each department need to recognize each other department function so they can understand which department depend on which. Rather than Departments trying to compromise, they should focus on collaboration and build a shared vision to achieve this. This would improve teamwork and reduce adversarial relationships. For this point it’s trying to say that there were cases in Microsoft that there are boss of each department at times will be only thinking of their department. Only to maximize the performance of their own department without consulting with other department of how they are progressing. It would impact the outcome of the product. Microsoft need to ensure each department will be able to collaborate with each other to achieve their goal to attain top quality outcome. 10th point Eliminate slogan and target for the work force -Done The management need to let its subordinate what they want and not making them  to guess. An unclear slogan such as â€Å"Excellence in service† confused people which area or what kind of excellence are the organization are pointing at. It would be much clearer if it states â€Å"You Can Do Better If You Try†. An earlier mission statement of Microsoft is A computer on every desk and in every home. This doesn’t really tell a clear intention of Microsoft. Soon after a few year the Mission statement changes to a computer on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft software .This clearly indicates the intention of Microsoft of providing Microsoft application and software to every computer. This would motivate its worker to work on Microsoft software. Microsoft should now make a clearer message rather than specific Slogan to ensure all it employees understood where the Organization goal and what they wanted to achieve. 11th point Eliminate management by Objective The management needs to see how the process is being carried out, not just on achieving its numerical target. Normally an organization production target produces high output but low on quality. Provide them with support and resource so that high qualities of production are achievable. Microsoft has tried this before with the Zune, which was an attempt to compete with iPod. Microsoft Corporation launches the Zune Mp3 player when Apple iPod was in its Prime. This attempt result in failure as Apple product are way better compare to their. Here Microsoft needs to know it not necessary to try to compete with other but focus on the quality which will meet with the consumer preference than they would have a higher chance of success rather than trying to rival its competitors. Resource http://betanews.com/2011/03/14/ipod-didn-t-kill-zune-microsoft-did/ 12th point Remove barrier to pride of workmanship These points concentrate of the people whose doing the work. It means to allow everyone to be proud of their achievement without being compared from one another. Treat all workers with the same treatment to eliminate competition amongst worker for any rewards. â€Å"If you were on a team of 10 people, you walked in the first day knowing that, no matter how good  everyone was, 2 people were going to get a great review, 7 were going to get mediocre reviews, and 1 was going to get a terrible review,† says a former software developer. â€Å"It leads to employees focusing on competing with each other rather than competing with other companies.† This is taken from a former employee of Microsoft, their clearly indicates there are favoritism in Microsoft Top management. This encourages rivalry amongst its own staff. Remove this, and then employee will then be able to focus on their job and produce quality product and service. 13th Point Implement education and Self-Improvement With this point, the management should focus on improving the current skill of its employee. By encouraging them to learn new skill and knowledge it will better prepare them for future challenges and changes In Microsoft Corporation they are lacking the motivation to be more innovative nowadays. They are more concern to preserves their existing product such as extending their office application, Window Operating system and increasing server software window server. Microsoft is not too fond of taking risk into making new product and service. It took them years to come up with Microsoft surface tablet when other developer such as Samsung and Apple’s been doing it for a few years already. They need to implement the 13th point so that its employee will be able to improve their ability and knowledge so that the organization can cope with changes in the future. 14th point Make Transformation everyone’s Job Everyone in the organization have to make changes, the organization will improve overall by having each person in the organization is motivated to produce better quality. To achieve this management will need to make changes in the management principle by applying the Deming’s 14 point into their system. Microsoft needs to analyze each small step and understand how these steps contribute to better quality. Everyone from the lower ranking worker to the top ranking should be able to contribute to their fullest. 4.Conclusion To conclude all Microsoft corporation need to implement the 14 Deming point to ensure its survival in its industry which it previously dominate. For the research done on Microsoft corporation , there are some major area that they need to gives attention too and Deming 14 point will be able to provide a solution if it is to be applied in the proper way. The success of this method will depend on the top management to its lower ranking worker of how well they can adopt to Deming philosophy. 5.Reference Book Mary. Walton (1986) ,The Demings Management Method Dennis F. Kehoe (1997) The Fundamentals Of Quality Management 2nd Edition Website †¢ Hci.com.au (1960) Demings 14 points. [online] Available at: http://www.hci.com.au/hcisite2/articles/deming.htm. [Accessed: 29 August 2012]. †¢ Deming 14 points Philosophy. Available at http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newSTR_75.htm. [ Accessed: 27th August 2012]. †¢ Deming’s approach is summed up in his famous 14 points. Available at http://www.1000advices.com/guru/quality_tqm_14points_deming.html. [Accessed: 30th August 2012]. †¢Information of Microsoft available at: http://www.winsupersite.com/article/windows-server/microsoft-just-like-ibm http://www.about-microsoft.com/ [Accessed:25 August 2012] †¢Information for Microsoft Surface available at: http://psynixis.com/blog/2012/06/surface-the-problem-with-the-microsoft-tablet-vision †¢Information on former employee complain http://betanews.com/2010/02/09/why-former-employees-say-microsoft-can-t-innovate/ [Accessed:25 August 2012] http://www.businessinsider.com/microsoft-is-filled-with-abusive-managers-and-overworked-employees-says-tell-all-book-2012-5?op=1 [ Accessed:25 August